Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics

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    Safety Critical Embedded Systems

    A tantárgy neve magyarul / Name of the subject in Hungarian: Biztonságkritikus beágyazott rendszerek

    Last updated: 2023. november 7.

    Budapest University of Technology and Economics
    Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Informatics
    Electrical Engineering, MSc program
    Intelligent Embedded Systems specialization
    Course ID Semester Assessment Credit Tantárgyfélév
    VIMIMB07   2/1/0/v 5  
    3. Course coordinator and department Dr. Majzik István,
    Web page of the course http://www.mit.bme.hu/oktatas/targyak/VIMIMB07
    4. Instructors
    dr. István Majzik, Associate Professor, BME MIT
    Balázs Scherer, Master Lecturer, BME MIT
    6. Pre-requisites
    Kötelező:
    NEM
    (TárgyEredmény( "BMEVIMIMA11", "jegy" , _ ) >= 2
    VAGY
    TárgyEredmény("BMEVIMIMA11", "FELVETEL", AktualisFelev()) > 0)

    A fenti forma a Neptun sajátja, ezen technikai okokból nem változtattunk.

    A kötelező előtanulmányi rend az adott szak honlapján és képzési programjában található.

    7. Objectives, learning outcomes and obtained knowledge The subject aims at presenting the development methods of embedded systems that are related to functional safety. The malfunction of such systems (which can be found among others in automotive applications, traffic control, manufacturing or process control) under certain environmental conditions may contribute to accidents or damages, this way special design, analysis, and testing techniques are necessary. Students get to know the development life cycle of safety critical systems (which is also regulated in safety standards), their construction principles, the safety and reliability analysis that confirm the design decisions, and the methods of systematic testing and verification. The lectures and practices of the subject present concrete techniques and tools for the typical tasks of requirement specification, architecture design, hazard and risk analysis, source code verification, component and integration testing, and system testing.
    8. Synopsis
    1. Basic concepts of safety critical systems: Concepts of accident, hazard, risk, functional safety. The safety integrity level (SIL). Criteria and metrics for reliability, availability and safety. The difference and relationship between the concepts of safety and IT security. The role of safety standards.
    2. Development processes, life cycle models and the role of quality assurance: Overview of the CMMI and ASPICE process models. Integration of development supporting and management processes into the development life cycle: project planning; requirements, traceability, version and configuration management. The role of error tickets and hazard logs.
    3. Typical life cycle models of the development of safety critical systems based on safety standards (e.g., ISO 26262) and process standards (e.g., ASPICE). Steps of the development life cycle according to the V-model. The emergence of agile development methods.
    4. Architecture design steps based on requirements analysis: Logical and technical architecture. Co-design of hardware and software. Model based design. Specification, design and integration of hardware and software components.
    5. Detection and diagnostic methods of hardware component faults (based on ISO 26262 or IEC 61508), characterization of error coverage. Handling communication errors.
    6. Typical architecture design solutions for safety critical systems: Architectures for fail-stop operation. Fault-tolerant architectures in case of permanent and transient hardware faults. Fault tolerance in case of software design faults.
    7. Hazard analysis methods: Fault tree, event tree, cause and consequence analysis, failure mode and effect analysis (FMEA, FMECA) based on the architecture. Structure of the risk matrix, overview of generic risk reduction techniques. The joint handling of safety and IT security.
    8. Reliability analysis methods: The use of combinatorial models, construction of reliability block diagrams. Analysis of redundant architectures.
    9. Design and verification based on formal models: Design of embedded controllers with time-dependent behaviour using timed automata. Formalization of requirements with temporal logics and their verification with model checking.
    10. Coding rules and language subsets used for safe software implementation: Presentation of the MISRA C rule set.
    11. Overview of the basic testing concepts (based on ISTQB recommendations). Presentation of the systematic testing process. The role of measuring test coverage.
    12. Testing and test planning methods: Source code verification (review, searching for error patterns, verification of coding rules). Specification-based (black box) testing methods. Structure-based (glass box or white box) testing methods. Grey box methods used in embedded systems.
    13. Application of testing methods: Component (unit) testing. Integration testing with incremental techniques and functional integration. Typical methods of system testing and validation testing. Monitoring and debugging.
    14. Integration testing with model-, software-, processor-, hardware-in-the-loop (MIL, SIL, PIL, HIL) methods. Testing fault handling and fault tolerance. The role and application of Continuous Integration in case of embedded systems.
     
    Detailed topics of the practices:
    1. Requirements, traceability, version and configuration control.
    2. Analysis of case studies from industrial partners.
    3. Design of safety critical architectures, model based design.
    4. Hazard and reliability analysis.
    5. Application of software coding rules, source code verification.
    6. Component (unit) testing, measuring test coverage.
    7. HIL testing, using a test environment.
    9. Method of instruction Lectures and practices.
    10. Assessment The requirement for passing the subject is a successful written exam. The prerequisite for the exam is a successful midterm test.
    11. Recaps The midterm test can be repeated once.
    12. Consultations Consultations are offered by appointment.
    13. References, textbooks and resources
    Neil Storey: Safety-Critical Computer Systems. Addison-Wesley, ISBN: 0201427877
    Frank Vahid, Tony D. Givargis: Embedded System Design: A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction. John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 0471386782

    14. Required learning hours and assignment
    Contact hours (lectures)42
    Study during the semester14
    Preparation for midterm test24
    Preparation of homework0
    Study of written material20
    Preparation for exams50
    Total150
    15. Syllabus prepared by
    dr. István Majzik, Associate Professor, BME MIT
    Balázs Scherer, Master Lecturer, BME MIT