• Assessment of the theoretical knowledge required to carry out and understand the measurement tasks,
• Planning of the measurement process with respect to the object that is to be measured,
• Verification of the measurement process via computer simulations or via other methods,
• Selection the required measurement instruments,
• Execution of the measurement.

Each measurement occasion is finished by the proper documentation of the results and the experience gained, in the form of a written measurement report.

Introduction: The first measurement occasion introduces the laboratories and informs the students about the general requirements. Safety rules (fire hazard, accidents) are also presented.

The electrical instruments, which are to be used within the subject, are to be introduced and their usage is to be practiced. Their special measurement functions are to be presented and their non idealities are to be studied.

Measurement 2: Digital devices basics

This measurement presents the basics of FPGA based devices and tools and methods available for their design and analysis.

Measurement 3: Time domain analysis

The following topics are to be studied during this measurement: measurement of time and phase shift, the measurement and analysis of the transfer function of linear systems, propagation of signals on distributed systems (Time Domain Reflectometry).

Measurement 4: Electrical power and power supply

Measurement of electrical power, basic and special instruments, methods. Power consumption of different devices, such as light lamps, personal computers etc.

Measurement 5: Frequency Domain Analysis

Fourier transform and analysis of signals, measurement of the Bode diagram. Examples for using spectral analysis for real engineering problems, its benefits.

Measurement 6: Two-Terminal networks

Basic passive electronic components (RLC), measurement of non-idealities. Characterization of two-pole systems, frequency dependence, equivalent models and parametrization.

Measurement 7: Four-Terminal networks

Model development for electrical behavior, measurement of the electrical impedance, measurement of magnetic properties and parameters, in-circuit measurements.

Measurement 8: Active electronic components

Analysis of semiconductor devices (diode, BJT, FET) and their characterization, small signal and dynamic behavior.

Measurement 9: Basic logic circuits

Integrated TTL and CMOS circuits, measurement of basic parameters and properties. Power consumption, propagation delays, unique features and phenomena.

Measurement 10: Implementation and analysis of sequential networks

Design of logic circuits by CAD systems. The design, simulation and validation of a simple sequential logic system.

Measurement 11: Measurement of programmable peripheral units

The measurement demonstrates the application of a complex digital circuit for an exemplary communication and control scenario.

(1) All of the measurements should be accomplished with success. In order to accomplish a measurement:

• Students should prepare to the measurement according to the laboratory guides that are found on the homepage. The instructor will check at the beginning of each measurement (in the form of a short oral or written test) whether the students have prepared for the measurement correctly. If somebody fails this test, he/she should repeat the whole measurement (both theoretical and practical part). 
• Students should take part on each laboratory and arrive on time.
• The measurement tasks should be performed and documented. 
• Measurement 1-3. are introductory measurements, so students don't get any marks for these measurements. However, if somebody misses any of the measurements, or it turns out during the measurement that somebody haven't prepared for the measurement correctly, the measurement should be repeated. 
• Measurement 4-11 are thematic measurements. Every student will get his/her own mark for each measurement. The mark is formed by considering the following aspects:
• result of the test at the beginning of the measurement;
• the quality of the work of the student during the measurement;
• the quality of the measurement report;
• Cross-check questions: at the end of the measurements, the instructors ask questions to the students in order to verify whether the students could understand the specific measurement in the required depth.

(2) At the end of the semester a practical test should be accomplished:

• Practical final test (PT): The students must solve one part of a randomly selected measurement. The length of the test measurement is 45 minutes. The students should be able to solve any of the measurements which were performed during the semester. Students can prepare for the practical test according to the measurement reports and laboratory guides. In the practical test only the instruments and measurement boards can be used. It is not allowed to use any books, mobile phone, lecture notes or hand-written/printed/electronic materials. The students must solve the measurement alone. No skeleton file will be available during the measurement.

The final mark is calculated as follows:

mark = 0.6*M + 0.2*CC+ 0.2*PT

where M is the mean of the marks of measurements 4-11., CC is the mean of the results for the Cross-check questions and PT is the result of the practical test. The final mark is one (i.e. the subject is not accepted) if the mark of any of the measurement 1-11. is one or any of the measurement is not accomplished or repeated with success, or PT is one.

During the semester, two measurements can be repeated irrespectively of the reason why these measurements were not accomplished. One measurement can be repeated only once. If somebody fails the repetition, he/she fails the whole subject.  Measurements 1-3 will be repeated at the beginning of the semester, since they are useful during the other measurements.

In case of long illness or any other acceptable reason, the course coordinator decides about the possibilities and details of additional occasions for repeating a measurement.