1. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: 1. Introduction: Recent and future embedded
systems. Embedding environments-embedded devices. Embedded system functions.
Embedded software as universal system integrator. Cooperation of embedded
systems: systems of systems. Embedded devices and the internet. Trends and terms.
European initiatives. Challenges.
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Seminar: Examples of timing specialties in embedded
systems. The relativistic effect. Characterization of HRT-SRT systems.
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2. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: Introduction cont.: The significance of agreement
protocols. Response time requirements. 2.
Scheduling in embedded systems: Cyclic, time-sharing, priority-based. The
Deadline Monotonic Analysis (DMA) method.
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Seminar: DMA of CAN bus communication: calculation of
worst-case response time.
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3. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: Schedulability, schedulability tests. Rate
Monotonic (RM), Earliest Deadline First (EDF) schedules, proof of EDF schedulability.
Scheduling of non-independent tasks. Priority inheritance. Priority ceilings
protocols (PCP, IPCP).
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Seminar: Application of PCP and IPCP protocols.
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4. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: Processor demand method. Scheduling if
deadline is smaller than period. Fault-tolerant scheduling. Simultaneous
scheduling periodic and aperiodic tasks.
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Seminar: Background scheduling. Fix priority servers:
Polling Server, Deferrable Server, Priority Exchange Server and Sporadic
Server. Slack Stealing. Dual priority Scheduling.
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5. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: 3. Time dependency
of memory management: Memory management in multi-tasking systems. Time dependencies of
resource handling. 4. Measurement of
time, time as a service, synchronization of clocks: The concepts of
digital time measurement. Measurement of short time duration.
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Seminar: Accuracy of time measurement.
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6. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: Clocks as
given accuracy sources of the real time. The reference clock, correct
clock, accurate clock. Clock drift, clock offset. Precision, accuracy.
Measuring time interval in distributed systems. Time dependency of make. Types of clock systems.
Standards of time. Berkeley algorithm. Cristian algorithm. Master-slave
algorithms.
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Seminar: Distributed clock synchronization
algorithms. The jitter of synchronization message. Fault tolerant averaging
algorithm.
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7. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lectures: 5. Real-time
entities and images: RT entities. RT images. Observations: state observation, event
observation, indirect observation. RT objects. Temporal accuracy. Permanence.
Action delay. Idempotency.
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Seminar: Modelling the embedding environment. The
measurement process and the observer. Convergent processes.
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8. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: Modelling the embedding environment,
absorbing the model into the program. The basics of model fitting. Sampling,
polling and interrupt. Replica determinism.
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Seminar: Regression schemes, parameter fitting, parameter
adaptation. Representing clocks via regression.
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9. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: 6. Real-time
communication: Time
dependencies of communications: flow control in time. PAR protocols. The Time
Triggered Architecture (TTA). Main features of the Time Triggered Protocols.
Performance limits. Fundamental conflicts of protocol design.
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Seminar: Time conditions of the physical layer. Synchronization
capabilities of the coding at the physical level. Time synchronization in
wireless networks.
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10. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: 7. Embedded
operating system: RT
kernels. RT extensions of standard operating systems. RT Linux. Embedded virtualization.
Microkernel technology.
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Seminar: Application of embedded operating system
services.
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11. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: 8. Sensor networks: Structures and features of sensor
networks. The TinyOS development environment. Communication in sensor
networks. CSMA problems. Rooting.
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Seminar: Power and energy consumption in embedded
systems. Power consumption of CMOS processors. Dynamic Voltage Scaling. Dynamic
Power Management..
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12. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: 9. Efficient
implementation: Non-conventional
methods of modelling and control in embedded systems: basics qualitative and
fuzzy modelling. Hybrid systems.
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Seminar: Simple hybrid systems: thermostat with
timing. Automated Guided Vehicle.
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13. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Lecture: 10. Safety critical
systems: Safety
requirements. Reliability measures. Application of redundancies. Handling
hardware errors. Handling software errors.
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Gyakorlat: Reliability block diagram. Methods of
calculation system reliability.
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1. week (2 hours lecture, 1 hour seminar)
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Spare for
holidays.
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